Air quality reference
Pittsfield, MA
Pittsfield, MA has a published AQI value of 56, categorized as Moderate, for 2026-02-28T00:00:00+00:00. The defining parameter is PM2.5, based on 2 monitoring sites. AQI is a communication index rather than a direct pollutant concentration, and values from different dates, averaging periods or providers should not be treated as interchangeable. This profile provides measurement context and same-category links but does not provide individualized medical advice.
Key facts
- Location
- Pittsfield, MA
- Air quality index
- 56
- Category
- Moderate
- Defining parameter
- PM2.5
- Sites reporting
- 2
- Measured at
- 2026-02-28T00:00:00+00:00
- Measurement context
- Daily AQI summary from U.S. EPA AirData; values are not direct pollutant concentrations
Historical air-quality context
Published EPA annual CBSA indicators
Annual AQI summaries are shown independently from pollutant concentrations. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised.
Annual indicator
Days with published AQI
59.00 days2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Days with AQI. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | days | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 59.00 days | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 365.00 days | — | — |
| 2024 | 366.00 days | — | — |
| 2023 | 365.00 days | — | — |
| 2022 | 365.00 days | — | — |
| 2021 | 365.00 days | — | — |
| 2020 | 366.00 days | — | — |
| 2019 | 364.00 days | — | — |
| 2018 | 365.00 days | — | — |
| 2017 | 346.00 days | — | — |
| 2016 | 355.00 days | — | — |
| 2015 | 360.00 days | — | — |
| 2014 | 364.00 days | — | — |
| 2013 | 364.00 days | — | — |
| 2012 | 348.00 days | — | — |
| 2011 | 363.00 days | — | — |
| 2010 | 348.00 days | — | — |
| 2009 | 352.00 days | — | — |
| 2008 | 366.00 days | — | — |
| 2007 | 363.00 days | — | — |
| 2006 | 365.00 days | — | — |
| 2005 | 230.00 days | — | — |
| 2004 | 217.00 days | — | — |
| 2003 | 201.00 days | — | — |
| 2002 | 208.00 days | — | — |
| 2001 | 198.00 days | — | — |
| 2000 | 193.00 days | — | — |
| 1999 | 208.00 days | — | — |
| 1998 | 162.00 days | — | — |
| 1997 | 122.00 days | — | — |
| 1996 | 147.00 days | — | — |
| 1995 | 171.00 days | — | — |
| 1994 | 155.00 days | — | — |
| 1993 | 155.00 days | — | — |
| 1992 | 152.00 days | — | — |
| 1991 | 188.00 days | — | — |
| 1990 | 144.00 days | — | — |
| 1989 | 164.00 days | — | — |
| 1985 | 214.00 days | — | — |
| 1984 | 194.00 days | — | — |
| 1983 | 145.00 days | — | — |
| 1982 | 122.00 days | — | — |
| 1981 | 103.00 days | — | — |
| 1980 | 204.00 days | — | — |
Annual indicator
Good AQI days
42.00 days2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Good Days. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | days | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 42.00 days | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 285.00 days | — | — |
| 2024 | 300.00 days | — | — |
| 2023 | 257.00 days | — | — |
| 2022 | 269.00 days | — | — |
| 2021 | 230.00 days | — | — |
| 2020 | 278.00 days | — | — |
| 2019 | 266.00 days | — | — |
| 2018 | 232.00 days | — | — |
| 2017 | 203.00 days | — | — |
| 2016 | 259.00 days | — | — |
| 2015 | 215.00 days | — | — |
| 2014 | 164.00 days | — | — |
| 2013 | 129.00 days | — | — |
| 2012 | 166.00 days | — | — |
| 2011 | 165.00 days | — | — |
| 2010 | 224.00 days | — | — |
| 2009 | 180.00 days | — | — |
| 2008 | 205.00 days | — | — |
| 2007 | 217.00 days | — | — |
| 2006 | 196.00 days | — | — |
| 2005 | 117.00 days | — | — |
| 2004 | 133.00 days | — | — |
| 2003 | 107.00 days | — | — |
| 2002 | 127.00 days | — | — |
| 2001 | 89.00 days | — | — |
| 2000 | 121.00 days | — | — |
| 1999 | 132.00 days | — | — |
| 1998 | 131.00 days | — | — |
| 1997 | 88.00 days | — | — |
| 1996 | 102.00 days | — | — |
| 1995 | 141.00 days | — | — |
| 1994 | 109.00 days | — | — |
| 1993 | 113.00 days | — | — |
| 1992 | 117.00 days | — | — |
| 1991 | 114.00 days | — | — |
| 1990 | 89.00 days | — | — |
| 1989 | 132.00 days | — | — |
| 1985 | 169.00 days | — | — |
| 1984 | 147.00 days | — | — |
| 1983 | 98.00 days | — | — |
| 1982 | 87.00 days | — | — |
| 1981 | 86.00 days | — | — |
| 1980 | 151.00 days | — | — |
Annual indicator
Hazardous AQI days
0.00 days2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Hazardous Days. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | days | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 0.00 days | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2024 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2023 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2022 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2021 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2020 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2019 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2018 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2017 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2016 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2015 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2014 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2013 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2012 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2011 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2010 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2009 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2008 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2007 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2006 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2005 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2004 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2003 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2002 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2001 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2000 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1999 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1998 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1997 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1996 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1995 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1994 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1993 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1992 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1991 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1990 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1989 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1985 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1984 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1983 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1982 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1981 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1980 | 0.00 days | — | — |
Annual indicator
Maximum daily AQI
66.00 AQI index2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Max AQI. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | AQI index | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 66.00 AQI index | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 124.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2024 | 97.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2023 | 170.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2022 | 87.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2021 | 103.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2020 | 94.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2019 | 87.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2018 | 122.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2017 | 88.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2016 | 82.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2015 | 95.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2014 | 93.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2013 | 119.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2012 | 112.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2011 | 156.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2010 | 133.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2009 | 143.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2008 | 187.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2007 | 169.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2006 | 140.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2005 | 164.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2004 | 151.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2003 | 197.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2002 | 190.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2001 | 203.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2000 | 161.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1999 | 158.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1998 | 119.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1997 | 161.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1996 | 177.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1995 | 143.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1994 | 129.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1993 | 192.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1992 | 222.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1991 | 177.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1990 | 203.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1989 | 150.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1985 | 172.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1984 | 201.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1983 | 225.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1982 | 185.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1981 | 185.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1980 | 204.00 AQI index | — | — |
Annual indicator
Median daily AQI
37.00 AQI index2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Median AQI. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | AQI index | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 37.00 AQI index | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 38.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2024 | 38.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2023 | 41.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2022 | 42.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2021 | 44.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2020 | 40.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2019 | 41.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2018 | 42.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2017 | 47.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2016 | 36.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2015 | 45.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2014 | 52.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2013 | 53.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2012 | 51.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2011 | 52.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2010 | 41.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2009 | 49.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2008 | 47.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2007 | 44.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2006 | 48.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2005 | 50.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2004 | 46.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2003 | 49.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2002 | 43.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2001 | 54.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2000 | 44.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1999 | 45.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1998 | 38.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1997 | 41.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1996 | 42.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1995 | 36.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1994 | 43.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1993 | 41.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1992 | 39.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1991 | 45.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1990 | 46.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1989 | 43.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1985 | 38.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1984 | 39.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1983 | 44.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1982 | 44.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1981 | 34.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1980 | 42.00 AQI index | — | — |
Annual indicator
Moderate AQI days
17.00 days2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Moderate Days. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | days | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 17.00 days | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 76.00 days | — | — |
| 2024 | 66.00 days | — | — |
| 2023 | 101.00 days | — | — |
| 2022 | 96.00 days | — | — |
| 2021 | 134.00 days | — | — |
| 2020 | 88.00 days | — | — |
| 2019 | 98.00 days | — | — |
| 2018 | 132.00 days | — | — |
| 2017 | 143.00 days | — | — |
| 2016 | 96.00 days | — | — |
| 2015 | 145.00 days | — | — |
| 2014 | 200.00 days | — | — |
| 2013 | 231.00 days | — | — |
| 2012 | 175.00 days | — | — |
| 2011 | 194.00 days | — | — |
| 2010 | 116.00 days | — | — |
| 2009 | 169.00 days | — | — |
| 2008 | 155.00 days | — | — |
| 2007 | 122.00 days | — | — |
| 2006 | 161.00 days | — | — |
| 2005 | 90.00 days | — | — |
| 2004 | 79.00 days | — | — |
| 2003 | 80.00 days | — | — |
| 2002 | 60.00 days | — | — |
| 2001 | 78.00 days | — | — |
| 2000 | 66.00 days | — | — |
| 1999 | 65.00 days | — | — |
| 1998 | 27.00 days | — | — |
| 1997 | 22.00 days | — | — |
| 1996 | 37.00 days | — | — |
| 1995 | 25.00 days | — | — |
| 1994 | 37.00 days | — | — |
| 1993 | 31.00 days | — | — |
| 1992 | 22.00 days | — | — |
| 1991 | 48.00 days | — | — |
| 1990 | 38.00 days | — | — |
| 1989 | 25.00 days | — | — |
| 1985 | 37.00 days | — | — |
| 1984 | 31.00 days | — | — |
| 1983 | 21.00 days | — | — |
| 1982 | 21.00 days | — | — |
| 1981 | 13.00 days | — | — |
| 1980 | 26.00 days | — | — |
Annual indicator
90th percentile daily AQI
57.00 AQI index2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: 90th Percentile AQI. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | AQI index | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 57.00 AQI index | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 59.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2024 | 56.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2023 | 59.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2022 | 58.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2021 | 60.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2020 | 57.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2019 | 57.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2018 | 63.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2017 | 59.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2016 | 58.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2015 | 61.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2014 | 67.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2013 | 71.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2012 | 75.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2011 | 75.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2010 | 71.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2009 | 74.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2008 | 76.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2007 | 87.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2006 | 79.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2005 | 101.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2004 | 77.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2003 | 93.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2002 | 101.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2001 | 133.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 2000 | 75.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1999 | 80.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1998 | 67.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1997 | 90.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1996 | 84.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1995 | 64.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1994 | 84.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1993 | 80.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1992 | 97.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1991 | 112.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1990 | 108.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1989 | 74.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1985 | 80.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1984 | 97.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1983 | 119.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1982 | 112.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1981 | 64.00 AQI index | — | — |
| 1980 | 112.00 AQI index | — | — |
Annual indicator
Unhealthy AQI days
0.00 days2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Unhealthy Days. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | days | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 0.00 days | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2024 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2023 | 3.00 days | — | — |
| 2022 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2021 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2020 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2019 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2018 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2017 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2016 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2015 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2014 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2013 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2012 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2011 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 2010 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2009 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2008 | 2.00 days | — | — |
| 2007 | 2.00 days | — | — |
| 2006 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2005 | 5.00 days | — | — |
| 2004 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 2003 | 2.00 days | — | — |
| 2002 | 5.00 days | — | — |
| 2001 | 14.00 days | — | — |
| 2000 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1999 | 2.00 days | — | — |
| 1998 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1997 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1996 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1995 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1994 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1993 | 3.00 days | — | — |
| 1992 | 3.00 days | — | — |
| 1991 | 9.00 days | — | — |
| 1990 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 1989 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1985 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 1984 | 7.00 days | — | — |
| 1983 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 1982 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 1981 | 3.00 days | — | — |
| 1980 | 7.00 days | — | — |
Annual indicator
Unhealthy for sensitive groups days
0.00 days2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups Days. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | days | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 0.00 days | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 2024 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2023 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 2022 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2021 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 2020 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2019 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2018 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 2017 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2016 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2015 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2014 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2013 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 2012 | 7.00 days | — | — |
| 2011 | 3.00 days | — | — |
| 2010 | 8.00 days | — | — |
| 2009 | 3.00 days | — | — |
| 2008 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 2007 | 22.00 days | — | — |
| 2006 | 8.00 days | — | — |
| 2005 | 18.00 days | — | — |
| 2004 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 2003 | 12.00 days | — | — |
| 2002 | 16.00 days | — | — |
| 2001 | 16.00 days | — | — |
| 2000 | 5.00 days | — | — |
| 1999 | 9.00 days | — | — |
| 1998 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 1997 | 11.00 days | — | — |
| 1996 | 7.00 days | — | — |
| 1995 | 5.00 days | — | — |
| 1994 | 9.00 days | — | — |
| 1993 | 8.00 days | — | — |
| 1992 | 9.00 days | — | — |
| 1991 | 17.00 days | — | — |
| 1990 | 12.00 days | — | — |
| 1989 | 7.00 days | — | — |
| 1985 | 4.00 days | — | — |
| 1984 | 8.00 days | — | — |
| 1983 | 21.00 days | — | — |
| 1982 | 10.00 days | — | — |
| 1981 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1980 | 19.00 days | — | — |
Annual indicator
Very unhealthy AQI days
0.00 days2026
EPA annual CBSA summary field: Very Unhealthy Days. Current-year values are provisional because reporting is incomplete and can be revised. Values retain the source period and unit.
View source data
| Period | days | Source flag | Confidentiality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 0.00 days | provisional-current-year | — |
| 2025 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2024 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2023 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2022 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2021 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2020 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2019 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2018 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2017 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2016 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2015 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2014 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2013 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2012 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2011 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2010 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2009 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2008 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2007 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2006 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2005 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2004 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2003 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2002 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 2001 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 2000 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1999 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1998 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1997 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1996 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1995 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1994 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1993 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1992 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1991 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1990 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1989 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1985 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1984 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1983 | 1.00 days | — | — |
| 1982 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1981 | 0.00 days | — | — |
| 1980 | 1.00 days | — | — |
Field-level provenance
Sources for this profile
Dates and licenses apply to the specific facts and series supplied by each source.
U.S. EPA AirData
- Applicable date
- 2026-02-28
- Dataset version
- 10350f77cf0f
- License
- U.S. federal factual data; verify third-party fields
- Attribution
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. EPA AirData
- Applicable date
- 2026-07-30
- Dataset version
- annual-aqi-by-cbsa-v1
- License
- U.S. federal factual data; verify third-party fields
- Attribution
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
DataOfWorld deterministic air-quality profile template
- Applicable date
- 2026-02-28
- Dataset version
- air-quality-profile-v1
- License
- Original DataOfWorld text
- Attribution
- DataOfWorld
Reference data can change. Verify consequential decisions against the original source.